Got your fingers with the edge? Or rubbing on the stone? If it was on the edge and you were holding the stone, put it down. You will be able to hold a more consistent angle with the stone supported instead of hand held. If you were rubbing your fingers on the stone, just move them up. You don't want to get near the edge. If you get in that habit, once you get to finer edges you can roll them by using too much pressure there.
If the latter was the case, I am going to assume you had the stone on a table or something and using both hands on the blade? If so, keep your fingertips back closer to the mid point between the apex and the spine. If you happen to rock the blade and get your finger under it, you will definitely know it.
As far as a "beater" knife, Ontario Knife makes the Old Hickory knives. You can get a 7 inch butcher knife on amazon for about 15 bucks. They are actually a pretty decent carbon steel knife, so they will take a good edge. There is a lot of steel on a butcher design, so plenty of practice material there.